The Kuleshov Effect.

The Kuleshov Effect is composed of a number of random images that switch back & forth. It builds emotion & aims to capture the imagination of the viewer. Most times, it will flash to the appearance of an actor/actress, & back to a scene or an image.

A contemporary example of this effect can be found in The Dark Knight Rises. As the two fight, the serious expression of those surrounding them are constantly flashed back to. The fight is the visual that is used to effect the viewer's emotion while the character's expressions are shown in between the fight.



Three other examples are:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWRyHeMHYcA
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grCPqoFwp5k
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCAE0t6KwJY

Film Analysis Summarizer.

Who made this?  

• Fritz Lang. 

How did you know?

• The credits that roll once the movie has come to an end indicate that he has made this movie.

Why?  

• Inspiration from different pieces of science fiction pieces of literature.

How did you know?

• He had very prominent themes in his projects & in how he chose to create his sets, place his actors/actresses, etc.

What can we tell about the film-maker(s)? 

• Due to the film, you can tell that Lang is a Romantic with lots of knowledge pertaining to varied forms of literature.

 How did you know?

• This is known because of the many references he makes to other works as well as the plot events he chooses for his movies.

For whom was it made? How does it address its audience? What is the nature of our engagement with film? 

• This movie was made for those in the 1920s.  Metropolis addresses it's audience by addressing issues that currently pertain to them.

How did you know?

• These issues could be seen throughout Metropolis by way of different plot events.

What outside influences can we perceive in terms of finance, ownership, institution and sociocultural context? 

• Outside influences that can be seen are the original author who wrote the book, the bible, & current social issues.

How did you know? 

• Constant references are made to each of these things as the movie progresses. 

What tradition is it in? 

• The German Expressionist movement.

How did you know? 

• The use of different elements throughout the movie (& the time period it was made) each are known styles of the GEM.

To what other works might it be connected? 

• It is connected to Nosferatu,The Bride of Frankenstein, etc.

 How did you know? 

• This is known because the aforementioned films are also apart of the German Expressionist movement.

German Expressionist Movement Films.

Pandora's Box.

1929.

Georg Wilhelm Pabst.

The rapid camera movements & the film delving into more psychological issues are two elements of German expressionism that are present in this film. 

This film has not inspired any other films, directors, or movements.

The Bride of Frankenstein.

1935.

James Whale.

This movie plays into the "Birth of the Horror Film" aspect of the GEM as well as anti-heroic characters/main characters, which makes The Bride of Frankenstein fit into said movement.

It is not stated that this film has inspired other films, but it is a sequel to Whale's Frankenstein which served as a clear inspiration for the events of this film.



Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans.

1927.

F.W. Murnau.

Aspects of this film that make it clear it is apart of the GEM are "bizarre sets", "weird shadows", & "strange characters" (whatculture.com).

Once again, it is not stated as to whether or not this film has provided inspiration for any others.

Camera Angle Vocab & Video Examples.

This shot is an example of an establishing shot.  Two of the things that appear yo be relevant in this shot are vertical lines and leading lines.

This next shot shows an example of the long shot. Along with this, there also seems to be a theme of vertical lines.

This clip is an an example of a medium shot. Vertical lines are, once again, an example of composition.



This clip presents an example of an eye level shot. Leading lines can constantly be seen throughout this clip as we watch.



This scene from the Breakfast Club is an example of a close up. There looks to be quite a bit of variet used in this clip, mostly shown on what the character's are wearing.




This video exhibits the use of a birds eye view in various movies. A running theme seemed to be both use of vertical & horizontal lines.



In this clip, the use of a worm's eye view can is shown. One of the forms of composition used was vertical lines, as shown on the buildings.



This clip defines an extreme close up. The use of unity can be shown by the many groupings of the same types of ducks.


In my next clip, there is a clear use of a reaction shot. Emphasis has also been used in this clip, as shown by the light that appears on each of the characters whilst the viewer watches their reaction.



This clip from the Friday The 13th shows point of view. There is a lot of variety in this scene due to the camper's different items each of them have brought & the colors of their belongings.



For my last clip, an over the shoulder shot is depicted. A use of composition found in it is curved lines (shown in the wires constantly present during the over the shoulder portions).

Camera Movements -- What is it & How is it used ?

Zoom 

What is it ? Zoom is the act of moving the lens of a camera in & out.

How is it used ? It is used to change the shot smoothly from a long shot to a close-up shot or vice versa (Google define).

Pan

What is it ? Panning is when one moves the camera right or left in a shot.

How is it used ? This style of camera movement is used to give a panoramic effect or to follow a subject (Google define).

Tilt

What is it ? Tilting is when the camera is moved (whilst filming) to face up or down.

How is it used ? Tilting is used to film in a vertical plane. (Google define).

Dolly

What is it ? A dolly is used to move the camera forward or backwards. This differs from the zoom movement in that zooming moves in closer to an already predetermined shot. A dolly, on the other hand, manually the moves the camera in order to do so.

How is it used ? A dolly is used to move a shot onto a mobile platform in a specified direction (Google define).